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Teenage pregnancy is pregnancy in human females under the age of 20 at the time that the pregnancy ends. A girl can become pregnant from sexual intercourse after she has began to ovulate which can be before her first menstrual period (menarche), but usually occurs after the onset of her periods. In well-nourished girls, menarche usually takes place around the age of 12 or 13. Pregnant teenagers face many of the same obstetrics issues as other women. There are, however, additional medical concerns for pregnant girls aged under 15, who are less likely to have become physically developed enough to sustain a healthy pregnancy or to give birth. For mothers aged 15–19, risks are associated more with socioeconomic factors than with the biological effects of age. Risks of low birth weight, premature labor, anemia, and pre-eclampsia are connected to the biological age itself, as it was observed in teen births even after controlling for other risk factors (such as utilization of antenatal care etc.). Every day in developing countries, 20,000 girls under age 18 give birth.〔http://www.unfpa.org/adolescent-pregnancy〕 This amounts to 7.3 million births a year.〔 And if all pregnancies are included, the number of adolescent pregnancies is much higher. In developed countries, teenage pregnancies are often associated with social issues, including lower educational levels, higher rates of poverty, and other poorer life outcomes in children of teenage mothers. Teenage pregnancy in developed countries is usually outside of marriage, and carries a social stigma in many communities and cultures.〔http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/26326035〕 By contrast, teenage parents in developing countries are often married, and their pregnancies welcomed by family and society. However, in these societies, early pregnancy may combine with malnutrition and poor health care to cause medical problems. Teenage pregnancies appear to be preventable by comprehensive sex education and access to birth control. Abstinence-only sex education does not appear to be effective. ==Definition== The age of the mother is determined by the easily verified date when the pregnancy ''ends'', not by the estimated date of conception. Consequently, the statistics do not include pregnancies that began in women aged 19 if they did not end until on or after the woman's 20th birthday.〔 Similarly, statistics on the mother's marital status are determined by whether she is married at the end of the pregnancy, not at the time of conception. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Teenage pregnancy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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